@@ 597,7 597,7 @@ class Monitor:
         try:
             self.cleanup_stale_monitors()
             self.register()
-            self.dump_to_debugfile('monitor id ' + str(self.monid))
+            self.dump_to_debugfile(f'monitor id {self.monid}')
             self._run()
         except Exception:
             traceback = tb.format_exc()

          
@@ 607,9 607,7 @@ class Monitor:
             self.killall(msg='monitor exit', traceback=traceback)
         finally:
             self.dump_to_debugfile(
-                'monitor {} exit at {}'.format(
-                    self.monid, datetime.now().isoformat()
-                )
+                f'monitor {self.monid} exit at {datetime.now().isoformat()}'
             )
             self.unregister()
 

          

@@ 23,7 23,7 @@ def engine(request):
         'timezone': 'UTC',
         'log_timezone': 'UTC'
     })
-    e = create_engine('postgresql://localhost:{}/postgres'.format(PORT))
+    e = create_engine(f'postgresql://localhost:{PORT}/postgres')
     schema.init(e, drop=True)
     api.freeze_operations(e)
     # help the `cleanup` fixture

          
@@ 41,7 41,7 @@ def cli():
             if isinstance(v, bool):
                 args.append(f'--{k}' if v else f'--no-{k}')
                 continue
-            args.append('--{}'.format(k))
+            args.append(f'--{k}')
             args.append(str(v))
         return CliRunner().invoke(rcli.rework, args)
     return runner